St. Andrew Corsini
Ecclesiasticus 44:16-27, 45:3-20 (Douay-Rheims)
Henoch pleased God, and was translated into paradise, that he may give repentance to the nations. Noe was found perfect, just, and in the time of wrath he was made a reconciliation. Therefore was there a remnant left to the earth, when the flood came. The covenants of the world were made with him, that all flesh should no more be destroyed with the flood. Abraham was the great father of a multitude of nations, and there was not found the like to him in glory, who kept the law of the most High, and was in covenant with him. In his flesh he established the covenant, and in temptation he was found faithful. Therefore by an oath he gave him glory in his posterity, that he should increase as the dust of the earth, And that he would exalt his seed as the stars, and they should inherit from sea to sea, and from the river to the ends of the earth. And he did in like manner with Isaac for the sake of Abraham his father. The Lord gave him the blessing of all nations, and confirmed his covenant upon the head of Jacob. He acknowledged him in his blessings, and gave him an inheritance, and divided him his portion in twelve tribes. And he preserved for him men of mercy, that found grace in the eyes of all flesh.
He glorified him in the sight of kings, and gave him commandments in the sight of his people, and showed him his glory. He sanctified him in his faith, and meekness, and chose him out of all flesh. For he heard him, and his voice, and brought him into a cloud. And he gave him commandments before his face, and a law of life and instruction, that he might teach Jacob his covenant, and Israel his judgments. He exalted Aaron his brother, and like to himself of the tribe of Levi: He made an everlasting covenant with him, and gave him the priesthood of the nation, and made him blessed in glory, And he girded him about with a glorious girdle, and clothed him with a robe of glory, and crowned him with majestic attire. He put upon him a garment to the feet, and breeches, and as ephod, and he compassed him with many little bells of gold all round about, That as he went there might be a sound, and a noise made that might be heard in the temple, for a memorial to the children of his people. He gave him a holy robe of gold, and blue, and purple, a woven work of a wise man, endued with judgment and truth: Of twisted scarlet the work of an artist, with precious stones cut and set in gold, and graven by the work of a lapidary for a memorial, according to the number of the tribes of Israel. And a crown of gold upon his mitre wherein was engraved Holiness, an ornament of honour: a work of power, and delightful to the eyes for its beauty. Before him there were none so beautiful, even from the beginning. No stranger was ever clothed with them, but only his children alone, and his grandchildren for ever. His sacrifices were consumed with fire every day. Moses filled his hands and anointed him with holy oil. This was made to him for an everlasting testament, and to his seed as the days of heaven, to execute the office of the priesthood, and to have praise, and to glorify his people in his name. He chose him out of all men living, to offer sacrifice to God, incense, and a good savour, for a memorial to make reconciliation for his people:
Ecclesiasticus 44:16-27, 45:3-20 (Biblia Sacra Juxta Vulgatam Clementinam)
Enoch placuit Deo, et translatus est in paradisum, ut det gentibus pœnitentiam. Noë inventus est perfectus, justus, et in tempore iracundiæ factus est reconciliatio. Ideo dimissum est reliquum terræ, cum factum est diluvium. Testamenta sæculi posita sunt apud illum, ne deleri possit diluvio omnis caro. Abraham magnus pater multitudinis gentium, et non est inventus similis illi in gloria : qui conservavit legem Excelsi, et fuit in testamento cum illo. In carne ejus stare fecit testamentum, et in tentatione inventus est fidelis. Ideo jurejurando dedit illi gloriam in gente sua, crescere illum quasi terræ cumulum, et ut stellas exaltare semen ejus, et hæreditare illos a mari usque ad mare, et a flumine usque ad terminos terræ. Et in Isaac eodem modo fecit, propter Abraham patrem ejus. Benedictionem omnium gentium dedit illi Dominus, et testamentum confirmavit super caput Jacob. Agnovit eum in benedictionibus suis, et dedit illi hæreditatem, et divisit illi partem in tribubus duodecim. invenientes gratiam in oculis omnis carnis.Et conservavit illi homines misericordiæ, Glorificavit illum in conspectu regum, et jussit illi coram populo suo, et ostendit illi gloriam suam. In fide et lenitate ipsius sanctum fecit illum, et elegit eum ex omni carne. Audivit enim eum, et vocem ipsius, et induxit illum in nubem. Et dedit illi coram præcepta, et legem vitæ et disciplinæ, docere Jacob testamentum suum, et judicia sua Israël. Excelsum fecit Aaron fratrem ejus, et similem sibi, de tribu Levi. Statuit ei testamentum æternum, et dedit illi sacerdotium gentis, et beatificavit illum in gloria : et circumcinxit eum zona gloriæ, et induit eum stolam gloriæ, et coronavit eum in vasis virtutis. Circumpedes, et femoralia, et humerale posuit ei : et cinxit illum tintinnabulis aureis plurimis in gyro : dare sonitum in incessu suo, auditum facere sonitum in templo in memoriam filiis gentis suæ. Stolam sanctam auro, et hyacintho, et purpura, opus textile viri sapientis, judicio et veritate præditi : torto cocco opus artificis gemmis pretiosis figuratis in ligatura auri, et opere lapidarii sculptis, in memoriam secundum numerum tribuum Israël. Corona aurea super mitram ejus expressa signo sanctitatis, et gloria honoris : opus virtutis, et desideria oculorum ornata. Sic pulchra ante ipsum non fuerunt talia usque ad originem. Non est indutus illa alienigena aliquis, sed tantum filii ipsius soli, et nepotes ejus per omne tempus. Sacrificia ipsius consumpta sunt igne quotidie. Complevit Moyses manus ejus, et unxit illum oleo sancto. Factum est illi in testamentum æternum, et semini ejus, sicut dies cæli, fungi sacerdotio, et habere laudem, et glorificare populum suum in nomine ejus. Ipsum elegit ab omni vivente, offerre sacrificium Deo, incensum, et bonum odorem, in memoriam placare pro populo suo :
Gospel According to St. Matthew 25:14-23 (Douay-Rheims)
For even as a man going into a far country, called his servants, and delivered to them his goods; And to one he gave five talents, and to another two, and to another one, to every one according to his proper ability: and immediately he took his journey. And he that had received the five talents, went his way, and traded with the same, and gained other five. And in like manner he that had received the two, gained other two. But he that had received the one, going his way digged into the earth, and hid his lord’s money. But after a long time the lord of those servants came, and reckoned with them. And he that had received the five talents coming, brought other five talents, saying: Lord, thou didst deliver to me five talents, behold I have gained other five over and above. His lord said to him: Well done, good and faithful servant, because thou hast been faithful over a few things, I will place thee over many things: enter thou into the joy of thy lord. And he also that had received the two talents came and said: Lord, thou deliveredst two talents to me: behold I have gained other two. His lord said to him: Well done, good and faithful servant: because thou hast been faithful over a few things, I will place thee over many things: enter thou into the joy of thy lord.
Evangelium Secundum Mattaeum 25:14-23 (Biblia Sacra Juxta Vulgatam Clementinam)
Sicut enim homo peregre proficiscens, vocavit servos suos, et tradidit illis bona sua. Et uni dedit quinque talenta, alii autem duo, alii vero unum, unicuique secundum propriam virtutem : et profectus est statim. Abiit autem qui quinque talenta acceperat, et operatus est in eis, et lucratus est alia quinque. Similiter et qui duo acceperat, lucratus est alia duo. Qui autem unum acceperat, abiens fodit in terram, et abscondit pecuniam domini sui. Post multum vero temporis venit dominus servorum illorum, et posuit rationem cum eis. Et accedens qui quinque talenta acceperat, obtulit alia quinque talenta, dicens : Domine, quinque talenta tradidisti mihi, ecce alia quinque superlucratus sum. Ait illi dominus ejus : Euge serve bone, et fidelis : quia super pauca fuisti fidelis, super multa te constituam ; intra in gaudium domini tui. Accessit autem et qui duo talenta acceperat, et ait : Domine, duo talenta tradidisti mihi, ecce alia duo lucratus sum. Ait illi dominus ejus : Euge serve bone, et fidelis : quia super pauca fuisti fidelis, super multa te constituam ; intra in gaudium domini tui.
Notes on Ecclesiasticus 44:17-26, 45:3-20 (Haydock Bible Commentary)
Ver. 16. Into. Greek, “a model of penance to past or future generations.” (Haydock) — The Latin fathers suppose that Henoch was translated to heaven, or to the earthly paradise. It is the tradition both of Jews and Christians that he is still alive, and will come to oppose Antichrist, (Apocalypse xi. 3., Genesis v. 22., and Hebrews xi. 5.; Calmet) when he will preach penance, (Worthington) chiefly to the Gentiles, while Elias will address himself to the Jews. (Haydock)
Ver. 17. A. Greek, “an exchange,” to save mankind, Genesis vi. 8., and viii. 21. (Calmet) — Noe[Noah] was perfect, (Worthington) which does not exclude some human failings. (Haydock)
Ver. 20. Multitude. His name implies as much. (Calmet) — He was father of all who believed in Christ. (Worthington)
Ver. 21. Faithful. He received the sign of circumcision, and was ready to sacrifice Israel. (Calmet)
Ver. 22. In his. Greek, “that the nations should be blessed in his posterity.” — Dust. Literally, “a heap.” (Haydock) (Genesis xii. 2., and xxii. 17.)
Ver. 23. Earth. In Arabia, and from the Red Sea to the Euphrates. This was verified in David, Psalm lxxi., and Genesis xiii. 14.
Ver. 25. Jacob. The promises made to Abraham were confirmed to Isaac and Jacob. (Haydock) — These were also blessed in Abraham. (Worthington)
Ver. 26. Tribes. Giving him so many children, who inherited Chanaan.
Ver. 27. Men. The Israelites, ver. 10. Greek, “the man,” Joseph; though the Greek of the Roman edition would refer it to Moses. (Calmet) — Grabe corrects his copy agreeably to the Vulgate. (Haydock)
Ver. 3. Kings. Pharao, Og, &c. — Glory, when he had passed by, Exodus xxxiii. 22.
Ver. 4. Meekness, giving him these necessary qualifications to rule a rebellious people, ver. 1.
Ver. 5. Heard. Greek, “made him hear his voice.”
Ver. 6. Face, familiarly. — Life, by observing which, the Hebrews might live. Thus the trees of life and of knowledge were a sort of remedy against death and ignorance, Genesis ii. 9. (Calmet)
Ver. 7. His. Greek, “holy, like to himself his brother of the,” &c. (Haydock) (Psalm cv. 16.) — He was the interpreter of Moses, and honoured with the high priesthood. Aaron and his posterity were bound to be faithful to the law, ver. 19. (Calmet) — Their priesthood was to last till Christ appeared, a priest forever of the order of Melchisedech.
Ver. 9. Robe. Literally, “stole,” (Haydock) which was a long robe, used in the East by both sexes. — Crowned. Greek, “confirmed” him in his dignity. (Calmet)
Ver. 10. To the. Greek, “enclosing his legs, (Haydock; breeches, Calmet) and the robe hanging down to the feet, (podere) and the garment over the shoulders,” (Haydock, ephod) which met at the breast, where the rational were fixed. See Exodus xxviii. (Calmet) — Many. Greek, “spheres, (Haydock; or pomegranates, Exodus xxviii. 23.; Calmet) with many little bells,” (Haydock) to admonish the people of his coming.
Ver. 12. Man. Beseleel, who made the greatest part. (Calmet) — Greek, “of an embroiderer, with the rational of judgment, and the signs (manifestation. Calmet) of truth. (Haydock) — Thus the Septuagint commonly describe the Urim and Thummim, Exodus xxviii. 6. (Calmet)
Ver. 13. Tribes. Greek, “sons.” (Haydock) — Their names were engraven on 12 stones.
Ver. 14. Holiness, or “holy to the Lord,” Exodus xxviii. (Calmet) — Work. Greek, “works very rich.” (Haydock) — This regards all his attire. The high priest only used it in the temple, on grand festivals. (Calmet)
Ver. 17. His. Complutensian Greek, “their.” (Haydock) — Some of the ordinary priests offered the daily holocausts.
Ver. 18. Filled. Consecrated, Leviticus viii. 26.
Ver. 19. Testament. It prefigured that of Christ, which lasts for ever, Hebrews vii. (Calmet) — Execute. Greek, “serve him, both by executing the priestly office, and by blessing the people,” &c. (Haydock) — This was one of the high priest’s functions, Numbers vi. 23. The rest might offer sacrifice and incense, except on the day of expiation, (Leviticus xvi.) and on solemn festivals, though the Scripture is silent on the latter head.
Notes on St. Matthew 25:14-23 (Haydock Bible Commentary)
Ver. 14. But that the apostles and all men might learn how they ought to watch, and to prepare for the last day, he subjoins another instructive parable of the ten talents. It has a great affinity with that mentioned in St. Luke, xix. 11. But this last was spoken at a different time, place, and occasion. It differs also in some points. — For even as a man, &c. This passage is to be understood of our divine Redeemer, who ascended to heaven encompassed by his human nature. The proper abode for the flesh is the earth; when, therefore, it is placed in the kingdom of God, it may be said to be gone into a far country. (St. Gregory) — But when we speak of his divine nature, we cannot say that he is gone into a far country, but only when we speak of his humanity. (Origen)
Ver. 15. In the parable of the talents, the master is God, talents, graces, &c. (Witham) — From this, it appears, we can do no good of ourselves, but only by means of God’s grace, though he requires our co-operation; since the servants could only make use of the talents given them to gain others. (A talent is £187 10s.) It is also worthy of remark, that both he who received five and he who received only two talents, received an equal reward of entering into the joy of our Lord; which shews, that only an account will be taken according to what we have received, and that however mean and despicable our abilities may be, we still have an equal facility with the most learned of entering heaven. (Jansenius) — The servant to whom this treasure was delivered, is allegorically explained of the faithful adorers of God, in the Jewish law, who departing from it, became followers of Christ, and therefore deserving of a double recompense. … The servant to whom the two talents were delivered, is understood of the Gentiles, who were justified in the faith and confession of the Father and the Son, and confessed our Lord Jesus Christ, God and man, composed of body and soul; and as the people of the Jews doubled the five talents they received, so the Gentiles, by the duplication of their two talents, merited a double recompense also. … But the servant who received only one talent, and hid it in the ground, represented such of the Jews as persisted in the observation of the old law, and thus kept their talent buried in the ground, for fear the Gentiles should be converted. (St. Hilary)
Ver. 18. He that had received the one. The man who hid this one talent, represents all those who, having received any good quality, whether mental or corporal, employ it only on earthly things. (St. Gregory) — Origen is also of the same sentiment: if you see any one, says he, who has received from God the gift of teaching and instructing others to salvation, yet will not exercise himself in this function, he buries his talent in the ground, like this unworthy servant, and must expect to receive the like reward.
Ver. 19. After a long time. This represents the time that is to intervene between our Saviour’s ascension and his last coming. For, as he is the Master, who went into a far country, i.e. to heaven, after he had inculcated the relative duties of each man in his respective state of life; so shall he come at the last day, and reckon with all men, commending those who have employed their talents well, and punishing such as have made a bad use of them. (St. Jerome)
Ver. 20. I have gained other five. Free-will, aided by the grace of God, doth evidently merit as we see here.